CRITICAL NURSING CARE OF PATIENT HAVING SURGERY, PREOPERATIVE PHASE

Abstract

Preparation of the patient for surgery involves a series of preventive measures, both general and local, to prevent complications, such as during surgery and in the postoperative period. Patient preparation for surgery and transfer to the operating room are two priority processes defined within the procedures and conditions for authorization of health care services by the Ministry of Social Protection. The aim of this scientific work was to develop a algorythm of clinical management based on the evidence on patient preparation for surgery and transfer to the operating room. A process divided into four phases (conformation of the development group, systematic review of secondary literature, participatory consensus method, and preparation and writing of the final document) was performed. Each of the standardized techniques and procedures is used to develop evidence-based manuals. Evidence-based recommendations on pre-anaesthetic assessment, preoperative management of medical conditions, education and patient communication, informed consent, patient transfer to the surgical area, surgical site marking, strategies for infection prevention and checklist were performed. It is expected that with the use of this algorythm the incidence of events that pro- duce morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing surgical procedures will be minimized.