NURSING PROCESS IN THE PERIOPERATIVE PERIOD WITH PERITONITIS

Abstract

Peritonitis may be caused by any microorganism that has entered the abdominal cavity. However, for each microbial species, there is a certain quantitative threshold and the conditions under which peritonitis may occur. Presently, peritonitis is usually caused by mixed microbial flora. The special etiological characteristics of the existing forms of peritonitis are mainly associated with the differences in sources of bacterial contamination and the stages of the course of peritonitis. A progressive development of suppurative process in a closed and anatomically complex abdominal cavity, the rapidly escalating intoxication and the resulting serious hemodynamic and respiratory disturbances, as well as a severely impaired metabolism, make the treatment of purulent peritonitis extremely difficult. This results in high mortality rates, which may reach up to 25-90% if not properly treated. Study objectives were to investigate the etiological factors and the pathogenesis of peritonitis and its diagnostic criteria. To characterize the principles of treatment for peritonitis and the modern techniques employed; to define the objective, the structure and the methods of implementation of nursing process in the perioperative period with peritonitis; to identify the typical problems in patients with peritonitis and to evaluate the quality of nursing care. The methods of study: epidemiological, statistical and clinical methods (observation, comparison and measurement). The results of the research study deepen the knowledge of the etiological factors and pathogenesis of peritonitis, its diagnostic criteria and principles of treatment. In course of the study, the investigator has defined the main objectives, structure and methods of nursing process in peritonitis in the perioperative period. The study has defined the typical problems of patients with peritonitis and conducted an assessment of their quality of life.