EVALUATION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF REHABILITATION METHODS IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases, along with diabetes and oncology, firmly retain a leading position among the most widespread and serious diseases of the 20th, and now the 21st century. The most terrible epidemics of smallpox, typhus and plague that raged in past centuries have been taken under control, however, as we know, when one is eliminated, there is always another cause for concern. As society evolves, new diseases come to light due to ever-changing social, medical, and environmental circumstances. Thereby, the 20th century is known as the “era of cardiovascular disease”. According to the World Health Organization, about 35 percent of people have heart disease. Unfortunately, every year there are more and more patients with cardiovascular diseases. About a quarter of them are unaware of their disease. And the treatment is effective only in about 15-20% of patients. One-fourth of them have never been treated, although most of them had symptoms of the disease - high blood pressure. Despite the fact that about 65% of patients have a slight increase in blood pressure, in 3/4 this rise is persistent. Many patients with cardiovascular diseases do not have any medical complaints, although if the disease does not manifest itself in any way, this does not protect the patient from life-threatening complications. The aim of the study: to study the process of rehabilitation of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Study objectives: 1. To identify the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, overall occurrence and reported at the first time, at the Coney Island City Hospital. 2. To identify the prevalence of clinical manifestation of cardiovascular diseases and to study effectiveness of modified treatment methods for their rehabilitation. Object of study: the process of physical rehabilitation of patients with Cardiovascular Diseases. Subject of study: patients with cardiovascular diseases. Methods of study: In this study, methods of general clinical examination of patients were used, such as collecting anamnesis of cardiovascular disease, general health history and family history, analysis of the patient's medical record, physical examination of the patient, and statistical research methods. The scientific and practical value of the study. Specific aspects of patients’ attitudes to their cardiovascular diseases have been assessed during observation and organization of treatment and care in hospital treatment. The study included an analysis of nursing process as part of care for patients with cardiovascular diseases. Principal problems found in patients with cardiovascular diseases have been reviewed. The study has defined general principles of care for patients and offered modified theatment with usage of different rehabilitation methods (massage, physical activity, patients` training) and recommendations. The study has reviewed potential ways to solve the problems of effective rehabilitation in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Conclusions. In this study, we solved an urgent scientific problem and evaluated the effectiveness of rehabilitation and preventive measures in patients hospitalised for cardiovascular diseases. 1. The vast majority of patients were hospitalised for hypertension (2346 patients in 2021 and 4026 in 2022), followed by coronary/coronary disease (1464 in 2021 and 2272 in 2022), and heart disease (46 participants in 2021 and 69 in 2022). 2. The use of modified treatment methods, including patient education, slow-paced exercise with Scandinavian Walking, and massage, has effectively reduced the manifestations of cardiovascular disease. In particular, the experimental group showed a more pronounced decrease in heart pain, shortness of breath, headaches, anxiety and high blood pressure compared to the control group, and a significant increase in performance.