https://repository.tdmu.edu.ua//handle/123456789/17937 2026-10-24T12:46:19Z https://repository.tdmu.edu.ua//handle/123456789/29774 MEDICAL AND SOCIAL DETERMINANTS AND THE PREVALENCE OF ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE USE AMONG ADOLESCENTS: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS JAVED, ALAM The primary aim of this study is to examine the range of medical as well as social factors that contribute to the initiation and continued use of electronic cigarettes among adolescents. By exploring both biological vulnerabilities and environmental aspects, the research intends to provide a more integrated understanding of why vaping behaviors emerge and persist in this population. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.tdmu.edu.ua//handle/123456789/29773 THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS IN THE NUTRITIONAL STRUCTURE AND PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENTS LAL, SOHAN The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of socio-economic determinants on the nutritional structure and physical development of adolescents. The study seeks to analyze how factors such as family income, parental education, occupation, living conditions, and access to healthcare services affect nutritional status, dietary habits, growth patterns, and overall physical development during adolescence. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.tdmu.edu.ua//handle/123456789/29772 Аналіз показників якісного управління в системі громадського здоров’я Мартинишин, Тетяна Василівна Мета дослідження полягає в розкритті основних аспектів якісного управління в охороні здоров’я, а також у здійсненні всебічного аналізу його показників для виявлення сильних та слабких сторін системи. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.tdmu.edu.ua//handle/123456789/29771 ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ ЦЕНТРІВ КОНТРОЛЮ ТА ПРОФІЛАКТИКИ ХВОРОБ НА БАЗОВОМУ ТА РЕГІОНАЛЬНОМУ РІВНЯХ Бойко, Володимир Миколайович Метою дослідження є розробка стратегії розвитку центрів контролю та профілактики хвороб в Україні, зокрема на базовому та регіональному рівнях, шляхом оцінки ефективності їх роботи та впровадження інноваційних підходів. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.tdmu.edu.ua//handle/123456789/29770 ПРАВОВЕ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ СИСТЕМИ ГРОМАДСЬКОГО ЗДОРОВ’Я: СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ Галіян, Анна Володимирівна Мета кваліфікаційної роботи полягає у систематизації та аналізі теоретичних засад нормативного-правового забезпечення сфери громадського здоров’я. 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.tdmu.edu.ua//handle/123456789/29759 Trends in Diabetes Prevalence and Management Outcomes Across OECD Countries Obeten, Alfred This qualification paper delivers a comprehensive, retrospective descriptive analysis of diabetes mellitus epidemiological trajectories and healthcare system performance metrics across member states of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Drawing secondary data from verified international registries, including the OECD Health Database, the World Health Organization, and the International Diabetes Federation, the study juxtaposes macro-level institutional care indicators with modifiable micro-demographic and behavioral risk factors. The investigation focuses on identifying structural variations in care quality by evaluating specific performance indicators, namely avoidable diabetes-related hospital admissions and major lower extremity orthopedic amputations. The findings illustrate substantial cross-national heterogeneity in diabetes configurations despite advanced economic baselines. Several nations report prevalence rates drastically exceeding the 6.9% OECD average, led by Mexico (10.8%), Turkey (10.3%), and Chile (10.2%). Comparative analysis establishes a clear link between elevated regional prevalence and compounding modifiable determinants, specifically escalating adult obesity indices and prolonged sedentary lifestyles. Crucially, management outcomes reveal significant care quality gaps; nations possessing integrated, community-centric primary care networks demonstrate lower rates of avoidable clinical admissions and orthopedic complications. Conversely, systems reliant on reactive, tertiary hospital treatments experience amplified healthcare expenditure and sub-optimal glycemic control profiles. The study concludes that advanced economic status alone does not insulate populations from escalating metabolic burdens. It offers evidence-based recommendations urging national ministries to shift funding priorities toward early screening protocols, patient self-management education, and digital health monitoring infrastructure to mitigate direct and indirect socioeconomic costs. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.tdmu.edu.ua//handle/123456789/29758 CURRENT TRENDS IN TRAUMA EPIDEMIOLOGY, EARLY DETECTION AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES Kharb, Mohit In recent decades, trauma has emerged as a major public health issue globally. While infectious diseases once dominated global health priorities, injuries and trauma have increasingly become important causes of death and disability. According to global health reports, millions of people suffer from traumatic injuries every year. Many of these injuries lead to long-term disability, affecting not only individuals but also families and communities. The economic impact of trauma is also substantial, as it increases healthcare costs and reduces productivity. One reason trauma has gained attention in public health research is its preventable nature. Many injuries occur due to modifiable factors such as unsafe roads, lack of protective equipment, poor workplace safety, or alcohol use. By addressing these factors, it is possible to significantly reduce injury rates. The study aims to investigate the current epidemiological trends in trauma, to analyze the main causes of trauma, and to review existing trauma prevention strategies from a public health perspective. Materials and methods. This study used bibliosemantic method, questionnaire surveys of patients with trauma (110 patients with trauma, registered in the regional hospital, emergency department and 334 patients with trauma, registered in the primary health care facilities and home care services in rural and urban settings; observation; analysis and statistical analysis of the obtained and publicly available data. Results. Study results indicate that road traffic injuries, falls, burns, and interpersonal violence were found to be the most common causes of trauma. A range of prevention strategies have been identified as the main strategic directions for trauma prevention among the population. These include road safety programmes, public awareness campaigns, and workplace safety strategies to prevent occupational injuries. The results of patient satisfaction surveys reveal important gaps in the quality and accessibility of trauma care, particularly in communication, continuity of care, and responsiveness of services. Incorporating patient perspectives into healthcare planning is crucial for improving service delivery and ensuring patient-centered care. The implementation of road trauma prevention actions for school children demonstrates positive outcomes in increasing awareness, knowledge, and safe behaviors. These interventions represent an effective and scalable model for early prevention, supporting the development of long-term strategies to reduce road traffic injuries in the population. Conclusion. Trauma is a major public health concern that requires both medical and preventive interventions. Strengthening emergency care systems, improving early detection, and implementing community-based prevention strategies can help reduce trauma-related deaths and disabilities. Public health policies should continue to focus on injury prevention and improved trauma care infrastructure. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.tdmu.edu.ua//handle/123456789/29757 PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS OF ADVANCED IMAGING TECHNIQUES FOR THE EARLY DETECTION OF PANCREATIC AND GASTRIC CANCER Hardik, Har Pancreatic and gastric cancers represent significant public health challenges worldwide due to their high mortality rates, substantial healthcare costs, and frequent diagnosis at advanced stages. Early detection remains one of the most effective approaches for improving patient outcomes, increasing survival rates, and reducing the overall burden of these malignancies. Advanced imaging technologies have emerged as important tools in cancer diagnostics, offering opportunities for earlier and more accurate detection, improved staging, and more effective treatment planning. The aim of this study was to investigate the public health implications of advanced imaging techniques for the early detection of pancreatic and gastric cancer, assess current challenges related to cancer prevention and diagnosis, and develop recommendations for improving public health strategies in cancer control. The study employed a cross-sectional design and included 419 participants: 384 patients with pancreatic and gastric cancer registered at a regional oncological center, 23 radiologists and oncologists, and 12 public health specialists from regional centers for disease control and prevention. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive and comparative statistical methods. In addition, a comprehensive review of contemporary scientific literature was conducted to examine current evidence regarding epidemiology, risk factors, diagnostic challenges, advanced imaging technologies, and public health approaches to cancer prevention and early detection. The literature review confirmed that pancreatic and gastric cancers continue to impose a substantial burden on healthcare systems and societies worldwide. Major risk factors identified included tobacco use, alcohol consumption, obesity, unhealthy dietary habits, Helicobacter pylori infection, chronic inflammatory conditions, genetic predisposition, and environmental exposures. The review also highlighted the importance of early diagnosis and the growing role of advanced imaging technologies such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT), and advanced endoscopic techniques in cancer detection and management. The study findings demonstrated that delayed diagnosis remains a significant problem. Patients identified limited awareness of early cancer symptoms, difficulties accessing specialist services, and prolonged waiting times for diagnostic examinations as major barriers to timely diagnosis. Physicians emphasized insufficient availability of advanced imaging technologies, delays in referral pathways, and the absence of organized screening programs for many high-risk groups. Public health specialists highlighted challenges related to funding, healthcare infrastructure, and public awareness initiatives. Based on the findings, several recommendations were developed to strengthen public health strategies for pancreatic and gastric cancer prevention and early detection. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.tdmu.edu.ua//handle/123456789/29756 Long-Term Trends in Herpes Zoster Incidence in China and Decomposition of Age-Period-Cohort Effects: An Empirical Analysis Based on the GBD Database and Joinpoint Regression Model Chen, Guozhi This study focused on the long-term incidence trend of herpes zoster in China, using the Joinpoint regression model and the age-period-cohort (APC) effect decomposition method to analyze in detail the patterns of incidence changes and the underlying influencing factors. Based on data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database from 2000 to 2020, this study uses a multi-dimensional framework to deeply analyze the changes in the incidence of herpes zoster across different age groups, different periods, and different birth cohorts, thereby identifying the key time points and the associated socio-economic factors. The study found that the incidence of shingles has been fluctuating and is the result of the combined effects of age, period and cohort, with the period effect being particularly prominent in recent years. By comparing between regions and between urban and rural areas, it can be seen that there is an imbalance in the distribution of medical resources, which undoubtedly provides a basis for the prevention of the disease, the formulation of relevant policies and the rational allocation of resources. The research shows that strengthening early screening and promoting vaccination play important roles in controlling the prevalence of shingles. In the future development process, we can rely on the relevant data to improve the accuracy of the research and continue to expand the relevant research content. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.tdmu.edu.ua//handle/123456789/29755 CLUSTERING OF BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTORS AND UNDIAGNOSED HYPERTENSION AMONG ADULTS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA ZAMBIA: A SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF WHO STEPS SURVEY DATA Banda, Shelkinah This study examines the epidemiological configurations of cardiovascular risk in Zambia by evaluating the clustering patterns of modifiable behavioral risk factors and their direct relationship with undiagnosed hypertension. Performing a secondary cross-sectional analysis on a nationally representative sample of 4,813 adults aged 18 to 69 from the WHO STEPwise Approach to Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) Risk Factor Surveillance registry, the research utilizes Latent Class Analysis (LCA) alongside multivariable logistic regression modeling to map hidden behavioral typologies within the population. The statistical analysis reveals a severe public health crisis, identifying an overall hypertension prevalence of 29.4%, with a striking 63.1% of these individuals completely unaware of their condition. Physical inactivity (34.6%) and unhealthy diets low in fruit and vegetable intake (31.7%) emerged as the most prevalent individual behavioral liabilities. Through LCA modeling, the study identifies four distinct behavioral classes: Low Risk (31.9%), Sedentary-Diet Risk (26.9%), Alcohol-Tobacco Risk (23.8%), and Multiple Risk (17.3%). Multivariable models demonstrate a robust, independent, and graded association between risk accumulation and non-diagnosis. Compared to the low-risk baseline, adjusted odds ratios for undiagnosed hypertension scale from 1.64 in the Sedentary-Diet class to 2.73 in the Multiple Risk class. Demographic stratification shows that the Sedentary-Diet class is heavily populated by urban females, while the Alcohol-Tobacco class is predominantly rural and male. Population Attributable Fraction (PAF) estimations suggest that migrating high-risk groups to a low-risk behavior matrix could prevent 48.3% of the nation's undiagnosed hypertension cases, validating calls for targeted, culturally responsive community screening. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z